Participants sometimes deliberately combined tacit and explicit knowledge sources in planning. Explicit knowledge included: research literature, the Internet, popular magazines, formal assessments (surveys and interviews), legislation and regulations. Tacit knowledge included: past experiences, organization-specific knowledge, community contextual knowledge, and the recognition of the tacit knowledge of others. The findings highlighted two major aspects of knowledge that arose: the use of tacit knowledge and the integration of tacit and explicit knowledge. Data were analyzed through a combination of content analysis and thematic comparison.
Questions were designed to understand the role of tacit knowledge as it related to the program planning process. Respondents participated in individual interviews and focus groups at each site. This study used a narrative approach, where teams from two public health units in Ontario, Canada were conveniently selected. This pilot study examined how health practitioners applied tacit knowledge in public health program planning and implementation. More work is needed to understand the role of tacit knowledge in decision-making and practice. Knowledge translation strategies for public health have not provided anticipated positive changes in evidence-based practice, possibly due in part to a narrow conceptualization of knowledge. A social interaction approach to knowledge translation assumes that research evidence becomes integrated with previously held knowledge, and practitioners build on and co-create knowledge through mutual interactions.
All sectors in health care are being asked to focus on the knowledge-to-practice gap, or knowledge translation, to increase service effectiveness.
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